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MANUFACTURING PROCESSES Laser Marking Laser marking is a precise and non-contact process used to create permanent markings on engineered fasteners and components. It is often employed for identification, traceability, and branding purposes. The Laser Marking Process: 1. Laser Source: A laser beam, generated by a fiber, CO2, or Nd:YAG laser, is directed onto the surface of the material to create the marking. The type of laser used depends on the material and the desired marking effect. 2. Material Interaction: The high-energy laser interacts with the surface of the fastener or component, causing localized changes without damaging the structural integrity. These changes can include: Color change (annealing): Controlled oxidation that changes the surface color. Engraving: Ablating material to create a recess in the surface. Foaming: Raising material slightly to create a raised marking. Carbonization: Darkening certain areas for contrast. 3. Marking Design: Patterns, alphanumeric codes, logos, or 2D barcodes are programmed into the laser system and precisely applied to the surface. 4. Non-Contact Process: The laser operates without physically touching the material, ensuring no mechanical stress or deformation of the component. Why Use Laser Marking for Engineered Fasteners? Enhanced Quality Control: Ensures every fastener can be traced back to its origin for quality assurance. Customization: Enables detailed and consistent branding or functional markings. Minimal Downtime: Fast and efficient marking suitable for automated production lines. Limitations Initial Cost: Laser marking equipment can be expensive to purchase and set up. Material Sensitivity: Some materials require careful parameter adjustments to avoid unwanted effects. Marking Depth: For deep engravings, multiple passes or specialized lasers may be needed. Advantages of Laser Marking: Durability: Markings are permanent, resistant to wear, corrosion, and environmental conditions. Precision: Creates high-resolution, detailed markings without damaging the material. Versatility: Suitable for a wide range of materials, including stainless steel, titanium, aluminum, and nickel alloys. Efficiency: Fast marking speeds make it ideal for high-volume production. Non-Intrusive: No physical contact with the workpiece eliminates risks of deformation or mechanical damage. Eco-Friendly: No inks, chemicals, or consumables are required, reducing waste and environmental impact. Applications in Engineered Fasteners: Laser marking is essential for fasteners and components where traceability, quality assurance, or branding is critical. Applications include: Traceability: Marking unique identifiers such as serial numbers, part numbers, or batch codes on fasteners for quality control and tracking. Compliance: Adding certifications or standards (e.g., ISO, ASME) to fasteners used in industries like aerospace, nuclear, and medical. Branding: Permanently engraving company logos or trademarks on custom fasteners to enhance brand recognition. Size and Specification Information: Marking dimensions, materials, or thread specifications directly onto the component. Functional Markings: Adding indicators, scales, or alignment marks to components for assembly or operational purposes. Cold Heading Hot Heading EDM Milling Turning Swiss Machining Drilling Roll Threading Cut Threading Broaching Heat Treatment Austenitizing Tempering Normalizing Stress Relieving Grinding Polishing Dot Peen Marking Laser Marking MANUFACTURING Explore our manufacturing capabilities OUR PRODUCTS Explore our products Specialty Engineered Fasteners Learn more about our Engineered Fasteners, precision-crafted for specialized and critical applications in diverse industries. Machined Parts Learn more about our custom-designed Machined Components expertly crafted for applications across a range of industries. Precision Shear Products Explore our shear product manufacturing and quality capabilities, delivering precision solutions for the most demanding applications. DOING WHATEVER IT TAKES Need product help or engineering support? Contact our team of fastener experts today CONTACT

Downhole fastening solutions Engineered Fasteners for Critical ESP & Artificial Lift Systems Home / Industries / Oil & Gas / ESP Artificial Lift / Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) and artificial lift systems operate in some of the most demanding environments in the oil and gas industry. Extreme pressures, elevated temperatures, corrosive fluids, and continuous vibration place extraordinary demands on every component. TSP MANUFACTURING DELIVERS ENGINEERED FASTENERS Manufactured SPECIFICALLY FOR THE RELIABILITY, INTEGRITY, AND LONGEVITY REQUIRED IN CRITICAL ESP AND ARTIFICIAL LIFT APPLICATIONS. APPLICATION FOCUS Engineered for Downhole Reliability Fasteners used in ESP and artificial lift assemblies are not commodity components. They are load-bearing, safety-critical parts that must maintain clamping force and dimensional stability throughout extended service cycles. Our engineered fasteners are developed to support: Continuous high axial and torsional loading Exposure to corrosive well fluids and sour environments Elevated downhole temperatures Vibration, cyclic fatigue, and pressure fluctuations PERFORMANCE ENGINEERING Engineered for Mission-Critical Performance We work closely with ESP and artificial lift OEMs to deliver custom fastening solutions that meet exact application requirements. Capabilities include: Custom bolt, stud, nut, and specialty fastener designs Tight tolerances and controlled thread forms High-strength and corrosion-resistant materials Application-specific heat treatment and surface finishes MATERIALS & METALLURGY Materials for Extreme Environments Material selection is critical in ESP and artificial lift applications. We manufacture fasteners from a wide range of alloys selected to withstand corrosive, high-temperature, and high-pressure environments, including: Alloy steels such as 4140, 4340, 6150, and 8620 Stainless steels and precipitation-hardened grades such as A286, 316, 410, 2205, and 17-4 Nickel alloys such as 718, 725, 925, Monel 400, and Monel K500 MP35N Titanium and other specialty materials QUALITY & TRACEABILITY Controlled Manufacturing & Quality Assurance Fasteners for critical ESP and artificial lift systems demand uncompromising quality control. Our processes are built around repeatability, verification, and documented compliance. Quality practices include: Controlled machining and threading processes Dimensional inspection and verification Mechanical testing and validation as required Full material and process traceability KEY FEATURES Supporting the Full ESP & Artificial Lift System Our engineered fasteners are used throughout ESP and artificial lift assemblies, including: Pump and motor assemblies Couplings and housings Flanges and structural interfaces High-load and high-vibration connections A Trusted Partner for Critical Oil & Gas Applications With experience serving leading ESP and artificial lift manufacturers, TSP Manufacturing is a trusted partner for fasteners used in mission-critical oil and gas equipment. Our focus on engineered solutions, material expertise, and quality assurance helps customers meet the demands of today’s most challenging downhole environments. DOING WHATEVER IT TAKES Ready to discuss your application? Contact our team to review your ESP or artificial lift fastening requirements and learn how our engineered fasteners can support long-term system performance. CONTACT OUR PRODUCTS Explore our products Specialty Engineered Fasteners Learn more about our Engineered Fasteners, precision-crafted for specialized and critical applications in diverse industries. Machined Parts Learn more about our custom-designed Machined Components expertly crafted for applications across a range of industries. Precision Shear Products Explore our shear product manufacturing and quality capabilities, delivering precision solutions for the most demanding applications. Valve Stems Learn more about our Engineered Valve Stems, designed for demanding applications requiring exceptional strength, durability, and precision. Get a quote for your upcoming project CONTACT

testing capabilities Breaking Torque Testing A Breaking Torque Test measures the torque required to cause failure of a fastener, typically a bolt, screw, or nut. This test evaluates the strength and performance of threaded components under rotational stress and ensures that the fastener can meet or exceed design requirements. Breaking torque is a critical indicator of both material quality and manufacturing consistency, providing confidence that the fastener will perform reliably in service. How the Test is Performed Specimen Preparation – The fastener is cleaned and installed in a calibrated torque testing machine. Torque Application – Rotational force is applied gradually until the fastener either strips, fractures, or otherwise fails. Monitoring – The applied torque is measured continuously, and the point of failure is recorded. Result Recording – Maximum torque at failure is documented, along with observations about the mode of failure. Analysis – Results are compared to design and industry standards to ensure compliance. Why It is Performed Breaking Torque Testing is performed to confirm that fasteners can resist rotational forces encountered during installation or in-service conditions. It ensures that threads, material properties, and fastener design are sufficient to prevent stripping, galling, or catastrophic failure. Verifies threaded component strength under torque Detects material or manufacturing defects affecting performance Ensures safe assembly and proper load transfer Provides data to support engineering validation and quality assurance Application to Engineered Fasteners Engineered fasteners are frequently subjected to torque during assembly, maintenance, and service. Accurate breaking torque data ensures: Proper installation without over-torquing that could damage components Material and thread integrity under applied loads Reliable performance in critical applications such as aerospace, oil & gas, nuclear, and defense Prevention of joint failure due to thread stripping or component fracture Standards & Compliance TSP Manufacturing conducts Breaking Torque Testing in accordance with ASTM, ISO, and customer-specific standards . All testing equipment is calibrated to industry requirements, and tests are performed by qualified personnel to ensure accuracy, repeatability, and traceability. Adhering to these recognized standards demonstrates our commitment to delivering engineered fasteners and machined components that meet the highest levels of performance, reliability, and safety. DOING WHATEVER IT TAKES Need product help or engineering support? Contact our team of fastener experts today CONTACT OUR PRODUCTS Explore our products Specialty Engineered Fasteners Learn more about our Engineered Fasteners, precision-crafted for specialized and critical applications in diverse industries. Machined Parts Learn more about our custom-designed Machined Components expertly crafted for applications across a range of industries. Precision Shear Products Explore our shear product manufacturing and quality capabilities, delivering precision solutions for the most demanding applications.

OUR PRODUCTS Standard Products Home / Products / Standard Products / One-Stop Fasteners Source In addition to the engineered parts we provide, TSP Manufacturing offers a comprehensive line of standard engineered and commercial fasteners, allowing us to be a one source provider to our customers. Washers Flat Washers Lock Washers Belleville Washers Beveled Washers Finishing Washers Square Washers Bonded Sealing Washers Hillside Washers Conical Washers Spherical Washers Wave Washers Round-Mall Washers Saddle Washers Screws Machine Screws Sheet Metal Screws Wood Screws Thread Cutting Screws Self-Drilling Screws Lag Screws SEMS Screws Thread Rolling Screws Binding Post Screw Products Thumb screws Drywall Screws Multiple Material Screws Wind Screws Drive Screws Eye Screws Weld Screws Collated Screws Flooring Screws Dowel Screws Roofing Screws Accordion Screws Euro Screws Jack Screws Bolts Cap Screws and Hex Bolts Carriage Bolts Flange Bolts Structural Bolts Tap Bolts Square Head Bolts Heavy Hex Cap Screws Heavy Hex Bolts Ferry Cap Screws U-bolts Plow Bolts Tension Control Bolts Hanger Bolts Elevator Bolts Eye Bolts Connector Bolts Tower Bolts Penta Bolts Step Bolts Coil Bolts Cam and Bolt Connectors J-bolts Timber Bolts Bin Bolts Sidewalk Bolts U-bolt Plates Askew Head Bolts Track Bolts Nuts Hex Nuts Lock Nuts Jam Nuts Heavy Hex Nuts Acorn Nuts Flange Nuts Slotted Nuts Wing Nuts Weld Nuts Coupling Nuts Square Nuts Spring Nuts Tee Nuts Castle Nuts Allen Nuts Cap Nuts High Nuts Cage Nuts Knurled Nuts Acme Nuts Palnuts Security Nuts Handle Nuts Coil Nuts Hurricane Nuts standard products include: NORD-LOCK PRODUCTS Nord-Lock’s Trusted Partner for the Energy Industry TSP Manufacturing is Nord-Lock’s preferred distributor to the energy industry offering prepackaged or custom quantities, and technical product support. LEARN MORE OUR PRODUCTS Explore other products Specialty Engineered Fasteners Learn more about our Engineered Fasteners, precision-crafted for specialized and critical applications in diverse industries. Machined Parts Learn more about our custom-designed Machined Components expertly crafted for applications across a range of industries. Precision Shear Products Explore our shear product manufacturing and quality capabilities, delivering precision solutions for the most demanding applications. Valve Stems Learn more about our Engineered Valve Stems, designed for demanding applications requiring exceptional strength, durability, and precision. Get a quote for your upcoming project CONTACT EXCELLENCE IN MANUFACTURING Quality, Materials, and Engineering Solutions Quality Learn more about how we deliver the highest Quality Engineered Fasteners & Components for custom-designed products Materials Learn more about our manufacturing material capabilities for our Engineered Fasteners & Components Services Learn more about our product support and supply chain solutions for our customers Engineered Fastener & Components Contact our product specialists today CONTACT

testing capabilities Liquid Penetrant Testing (LPT) Liquid Penetrant Testing (LPT), sometimes called Dye Penetrant Inspection, is a non-destructive testing (NDT) method used to identify surface-breaking defects in non-porous materials. The test works by applying a liquid dye to a component’s surface, which seeps into even the smallest cracks, seams, or pores that may not be visible to the naked eye. This makes it highly effective for detecting defects that could compromise the integrity of precision-engineered parts. How the Test is Performed Preparation – The fastener or component is carefully cleaned so that no oils, dirt, or debris interfere with the test. Penetrant Application – A visible or fluorescent dye is applied across the surface, allowing it to seep into any surface flaws through capillary action. Excess Removal – The surface is cleaned, leaving the penetrant only in defects. Developer Application – A developer is applied to draw the dye back out, making flaws clearly visible under white or UV light. Inspection – Skilled inspectors review the part under the appropriate lighting to identify any discontinuities. Final Cleaning – After inspection, the part is cleaned again to remove any test materials. Why It is Performed LPT is performed to ensure that every fastener and machined component meets the highest standards of safety and performance. Even a small surface crack in a critical fastener can lead to premature failure, downtime, or safety risks in demanding applications. By detecting these flaws early, LPT helps ensure reliability and compliance with stringent industry requirements. Detects cracks, laps, porosity, or seams that are invisible to the eye Verifies the quality of components before they are put into service Prevents costly failures in mission-critical applications Application to Engineered Fasteners For engineered fasteners and machined components, surface integrity is essential. Fasteners are often subject to extreme loads, vibrations, and environmental conditions in industries such as aerospace, oil & gas, nuclear, and defense. A surface flaw left undetected could grow into a critical failure point under stress. By applying Liquid Penetrant Testing to our manufactured fasteners, TSP ensures: Structural reliability in high-stress environments Enhanced product life cycle by identifying defects before service Confidence in safety-critical applications where performance cannot be compromised Standards & Compliance At TSP Manufacturing, our Liquid Penetrant Testing is performed in accordance with recognized industry standards, including ASTM, ASME, and customer-specific specifications. By following these rigorous guidelines, we ensure that every inspection is accurate, repeatable, and compliant with the requirements of critical industries such as aerospace, oil & gas, and defense. This adherence to standards underscores our commitment to delivering fasteners and machined components that consistently meet or exceed customer expectations. DOING WHATEVER IT TAKES Need product help or engineering support? Contact our team of fastener experts today CONTACT OUR PRODUCTS Explore our products Specialty Engineered Fasteners Learn more about our Engineered Fasteners, precision-crafted for specialized and critical applications in diverse industries. Machined Parts Learn more about our custom-designed Machined Components expertly crafted for applications across a range of industries. Precision Shear Products Explore our shear product manufacturing and quality capabilities, delivering precision solutions for the most demanding applications.

MANUFACTURING PROCESSES Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is a highly precise manufacturing process used to create complex shapes and fine details in engineered fasteners and components. The EDM Process: 1. Setup: A workpiece (conductive material) is submerged in a dielectric fluid (e.g., deionized water or oil). A tool electrode (usually made of graphite, copper, or brass) is positioned close to the workpiece without touching it. 2. Electric Discharge: A controlled electrical current is applied between the electrode and the workpiece. This creates a spark that erodes a tiny portion of the workpiece material. 3. Material Removal: Thousands of sparks occur per second, removing material layer by layer. The dielectric fluid flushes away debris and cools the work area. 4. Precision Control: CNC (Computer Numerical Control) systems are often used to guide the electrode, enabling precise and repeatable machining. Types of EDM: Sinker EDM: Uses a shaped electrode to “sink” into the material, ideal for creating cavities and complex 3D shapes. Wire EDM: Uses a thin wire as the electrode to cut intricate profiles, commonly used for parts requiring fine tolerances and sharp corners. Limitations Slow Material Removal Rate: Not ideal for high-volume production. Cost: More expensive compared to traditional machining for large, simple parts. Conductive Materials Only: Limited to materials that conduct electricity. Advantages of EDM: Complex Geometries: Can create intricate shapes, fine features, and internal cavities that are difficult or impossible to achieve with traditional machining. High Precision: Allows for extremely tight tolerances, often down to microns. Material Versatility: Can work with hard-to-machine materials like titanium, Inconel, and hardened steels. No Mechanical Stress: Since it’s a non-contact process, there’s no physical force exerted on the workpiece. Applications in Engineered Fasteners: EDM is especially useful for fasteners and components that require: Intricate Details: Ideal for manufacturing custom, non-standard fasteners with unique shapes. Tight Tolerances: Critical in aerospace, robotics, and defense industries where precision is paramount. Hard Materials: Suitable for fasteners made from high-strength alloys that are challenging to machine conventionally. Prototyping: Useful for creating prototypes and low-volume production runs of specialty fasteners. Cold Heading Hot Heading EDM Milling Turning Swiss Machining Drilling Roll Threading Cut Threading Broaching Heat Treatment Austenitizing Tempering Normalizing Stress Relieving Grinding Polishing Dot Peen Marking Laser Marking MANUFACTURING Explore our manufacturing capabilities OUR PRODUCTS Explore our products Specialty Engineered Fasteners Learn more about our Engineered Fasteners, precision-crafted for specialized and critical applications in diverse industries. Machined Parts Learn more about our custom-designed Machined Components expertly crafted for applications across a range of industries. Precision Shear Products Explore our shear product manufacturing and quality capabilities, delivering precision solutions for the most demanding applications. DOING WHATEVER IT TAKES Need product help or engineering support? Contact our team of fastener experts today CONTACT

Bill Arnold Sales Manager BIO As the tenured Sales Manager at TSP Manufacturing, Bill Arnold brings a wealth of experience and specialized knowledge to his role, particularly in the oil and gas sector. With a deep understanding of the unique challenges and requirements of this industry, Bill has built strong, long-term relationships with clients and stakeholders, ensuring the delivery of high-quality, engineered fasteners that meet the rigorous standards of oil and gas applications. His strategic leadership and customer-focused approach have been key in positioning TSP Manufacturing as a trusted partner for critical components in this vital industry. BACK

Sandra Aguilar Sales Manager BIO With over 15 years of experience at TSP Manufacturing, Sandra Aguilar has developed a comprehensive understanding of the company’s processes and products, having worked across multiple departments. As Sales Manager, Sandra leads the inside sales team with a focus on delivering exceptional customer service, knowing that strong, reliable partnerships are key to mutual success. Her dedication to meeting the unique needs of each client has helped foster long-term relationships, ensuring that both TSP Manufacturing and its customers thrive together in a competitive market. BACK

MANUFACTURING PROCESSES Cut Threading Cut threading is a traditional method used to create threads on engineered fasteners and components. It involves physically removing material from a blank to form the thread’s shape. This process is highly precise and is particularly suitable for custom or low-volume production of threaded components. The Cut Threading Process: 1. Preparation: A cylindrical blank or fastener body is prepared, typically made of materials like steel, stainless steel, titanium, or other alloys. The blank is secured in a lathe, threading machine, or CNC machine. 2. Thread Cutting Tool: A specialized cutting tool or die is used to remove material from the blank, creating the helical grooves that form the threads. The tool’s shape corresponds to the desired thread profile (e.g., triangular for standard threads, square for certain industrial applications). 3. Threading Operation: Single-Point Cutting: For larger threads or precision applications, a single-point tool is used to cut the thread profile in successive passes. Thread Chasing: Involves using a multi-tooth cutter to cut threads more quickly. Thread Rolling Dies: For larger-scale cut threads, dies may be used to guide and cut the threads accurately. Cutting lubricant is often applied to reduce friction, prevent overheating, and improve surface finish. 4. Inspection and Finishing: The cut threads are inspected for dimensional accuracy using gauges or thread measuring tools. Additional finishing steps like deburring or heat treatment may follow to improve durability and performance. Why Use Cut Threading for Fasteners? Tailored Solutions: Enables the creation of threads for non-standard fasteners or components with unique designs. Material Flexibility: Effective for hard-to-machine metals or materials unsuitable for rolling. Critical Applications: Provides the precision and control required for high-performance or safety-critical threaded components. Advantages of Cut Threading: High Precision: Allows for extremely accurate threads with tight tolerances, which are critical for high-performance fasteners. Customizability: Can produce non-standard or special threads for unique applications. Versatility: Suitable for a wide range of materials, including alloys and harder metals. Surface Quality: Produces threads with a smooth finish and sharp definition. Applications in Engineered Fasteners: Cut threading is typically used for the following: Custom or Prototype Fasteners: Threads can be tailored to unique specifications or non-standard sizes. Hard Materials: Effective for threading materials like titanium, hardened steel, or nickel alloys that are challenging to form using other methods. Low-Volume Production: Suitable for small batches where thread rolling or other methods may not be cost-effective. Precision Applications: Used where high accuracy and tight tolerances are required, such as in aerospace or nuclear components. Limitations Material Waste: Material is removed during the process, resulting in waste. Slower Production: Compared to thread rolling, cut threading is slower and less efficient for high-volume production. Weaker Threads: Threads created by cutting can have lower fatigue resistance compared to rolled threads due to the interruption of the material grain structure. Tool Wear: Cutting tools can wear out quickly, especially when threading harder materials. Cold Heading Hot Heading EDM Milling Turning Swiss Machining Drilling Roll Threading Cut Threading Broaching Heat Treatment Austenitizing Tempering Normalizing Stress Relieving Grinding Polishing Dot Peen Marking Laser Marking MANUFACTURING Explore our manufacturing capabilities OUR PRODUCTS Explore our products Specialty Engineered Fasteners Learn more about our Engineered Fasteners, precision-crafted for specialized and critical applications in diverse industries. Machined Parts Learn more about our custom-designed Machined Components expertly crafted for applications across a range of industries. Precision Shear Products Explore our shear product manufacturing and quality capabilities, delivering precision solutions for the most demanding applications. DOING WHATEVER IT TAKES Need product help or engineering support? Contact our team of fastener experts today CONTACT

MANUFACTURING PROCESSES Heat Treatment: Austenitizing Austenitizing is a critical stage in the heat treatment process, particularly for engineered fasteners and components made from steel and certain alloys. It is the process of heating the material to a temperature where its crystal structure transforms into austenite, a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure that allows for the redistribution of carbon and other alloying elements within the metal. This transformation is essential for subsequent heat treatment steps like quenching and tempering. The Austenitizing Process: 1. Preparation: The fastener or component is cleaned to remove any surface contaminants (oil, grease, or scale) that could interfere with the heat treatment process. 2. Heating to Austenitizing Temperature: The component is heated to a temperature range specific to the material: For carbon steels: Typically between 750°C and 950°C (1382°F to 1742°F). For alloy steels: The temperature varies depending on alloying elements but is generally higher. The goal is to transform the steel’s microstructure from ferrite (body-centered cubic, BCC) and pearlite into austenite (FCC). 3. Soaking: The component is held at the austenitizing temperature for a specific period to ensure uniform heating and complete transformation to austenite. The soaking time depends on the material’s size, composition, and thermal conductivity. 4. Redistribution of Carbon: During austenitizing, carbon and other alloying elements dissolve into the austenite, creating a uniform composition that sets the stage for subsequent heat treatment steps. 5. Cooling (Quenching): After austenitizing, the component is rapidly cooled (quenched) to lock in the desired microstructure, such as martensite, which provides high strength and hardness. Key Considerations for Austenitizing in Fastener Manufacturing: Material Selection: Not all materials can be austenitized; it is most effective for steels and specific alloys designed for heat treatment. Controlled Atmosphere: Using vacuum or inert gases (e.g., argon or nitrogen) prevents oxidation and decarburization during heating. Post-Treatment Inspection: Fasteners are inspected for hardness, microstructure, and dimensional stability after heat treatment to ensure quality. Benefits of Austenitizing for Fasteners: Uniform Microstructure: Austenitizing ensures that carbon and alloying elements are evenly distributed, providing consistent properties throughout the fastener. Improved Strength: Austenite transforms into martensite upon quenching, greatly enhancing the fastener’s hardness and strength. Customizable Properties: By controlling the austenitizing temperature and time, manufacturers can tailor the fastener’s properties to meet specific application requirements. Foundation for Toughness: Subsequent tempering processes build on the martensitic structure formed after austenitizing, balancing hardness and ductility. Applications in Engineered Fasteners: Austenitizing is a fundamental step in producing fasteners with enhanced mechanical properties, including: Bolts and Screws: High-strength bolts used in aerospace, automotive, and structural applications. Threaded Rods and Studs: Components requiring high tensile strength and wear resistance. Critical Fasteners: Custom fasteners used in extreme environments, such as oil & gas, nuclear power, and turbomachinery. Challenges in Austenitizing: Temperature Control: Precise control of temperature is crucial; overheating can lead to grain growth, weakening the fastener, while underheating may result in incomplete transformation. Decarburization: If not done in a controlled atmosphere (e.g., vacuum or inert gas), carbon can be lost from the surface, reducing the fastener’s strength. Quenching Cracks: Improper quenching after austenitizing can cause thermal stresses and cracking, especially in larger or more complex fasteners. Cold Heading Hot Heading EDM Milling Turning Swiss Machining Drilling Roll Threading Cut Threading Broaching Heat Treatment Austenitizing Tempering Normalizing Stress Relieving Grinding Polishing Dot Peen Marking Laser Marking MANUFACTURING Explore our manufacturing capabilities OUR PRODUCTS Explore our products Specialty Engineered Fasteners Learn more about our Engineered Fasteners, precision-crafted for specialized and critical applications in diverse industries. Machined Parts Learn more about our custom-designed Machined Components expertly crafted for applications across a range of industries. Precision Shear Products Explore our shear product manufacturing and quality capabilities, delivering precision solutions for the most demanding applications. DOING WHATEVER IT TAKES Need product help or engineering support? Contact our team of fastener experts today CONTACT

Explore TSP Manufacturing’s precision-engineered shear screws, designed for reliable control in critical applications. OUR PRODUCTS Precision Shear Products Home / Products / Shear Screws / Experts in Specialized Shear Products TSP Manufacturing holds over 25 years in manufacturing & testing of custom precision shear screws, pins and components. We maintain verifiable control of raw material, machining, and testing of shear products, providing the highest quality and traceability to our customers. WHEN ONLY THE BEST WILL DO Key Advantages of TSP Manufacturing's Precision Shear Products Extensive Experience: Over 25 years of expertise in manufacturing and testing custom precision shear screws and pin products. Raw Material Control: Verifiable control of raw material machining and testing ensures consistent quality. High Performance: Products are engineered to perform as intended in specific applications. Rigorous Quality Checks: Thorough testing in our certified lab guarantees adherence to precise specifications. Customer-Centric Compliance: Products are tailored to meet customers' unique and stringent requirements. OUR PRODUCTS Explore other products Specialty Engineered Fasteners Learn more about our Engineered Fasteners, precision-crafted for specialized and critical applications in diverse industries. Machined Parts Learn more about our custom-designed Machined Components expertly crafted for applications across a range of industries. Valve Stems Learn more about our Engineered Valve Stems, designed for demanding applications requiring exceptional strength, durability, and precision. Get a quote for your upcoming project CONTACT EXCELLENCE IN MANUFACTURING Quality, Materials, and Engineering Solutions Quality Learn more about how we deliver the highest Quality Engineered Fasteners & Components for custom-designed products Materials Learn more about our manufacturing material capabilities for our Engineered Fasteners & Components Services Learn more about our product support and supply chain solutions for our customers Engineered Fastener & Components Contact our product specialists today CONTACT

MANUFACTURING PROCESSES Cold Heading Cold heading is a manufacturing process used to create engineered fasteners and components by forming metal without the application of heat. The Process of Cold Heading: 1. Material Selection: Typically, ductile metals like alloy steels, stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, and nickel alloys are chosen for cold heading due to their malleability. 2. Wire Preparation: A metal wire, which serves as the raw material, is cut to the desired length, often referred to as a “slug.” 3. Cold Forming: The wire or slug is inserted into a die and subjected to high-pressure force using a punch. The metal deforms plastically to take the shape of the die and punch, without requiring heating beyond room temperature. 4. Multiple Stages (Optional): Complex fasteners or components may require several stages of heading, where the part is progressively shaped into the desired geometry. 5. Trimming and Threading: Excess material is trimmed, and threads or other detailed features are added if needed. 6. Heat Treatment and Coating (Post-Process): While cold heading itself avoids heating, parts may undergo heat treatment after forming to enhance strength or other properties. Surface coatings can be applied for added corrosion resistance. Advantages of Cold Heading: Strength: The process aligns the grain structure of the material, enhancing the mechanical properties of the fasteners. Precision: It allows for tight tolerances, critical for engineered components used in demanding applications. Cost-Effectiveness: Material wastage is minimized compared to machining, and the process is highly efficient for mass production. Surface Finish: Produces a smooth surface, reducing the need for additional finishing operations. Applications in Engineered Fasteners: Cold heading is particularly suited for producing high-performance fasteners used in industries like: Aerospace and Defense: For lightweight, high-strength components. Oil & Gas and Marine: For corrosion-resistant fasteners exposed to harsh environments. Automotive and Robotics: For precision-engineered fasteners that require tight tolerances. Cold Heading Hot Heading EDM Milling Turning Swiss Machining Drilling Roll Threading Cut Threading Broaching Heat Treatment Austenitizing Tempering Normalizing Stress Relieving Grinding Polishing Dot Peen Marking Laser Marking MANUFACTURING Explore our manufacturing capabilities OUR PRODUCTS Explore our products Specialty Engineered Fasteners Learn more about our Engineered Fasteners, precision-crafted for specialized and critical applications in diverse industries. Machined Parts Learn more about our custom-designed Machined Components expertly crafted for applications across a range of industries. Precision Shear Products Explore our shear product manufacturing and quality capabilities, delivering precision solutions for the most demanding applications. DOING WHATEVER IT TAKES Need product help or engineering support? Contact our team of fastener experts today CONTACT